Author(s) Details:
Hou Yongmei
Department of Psychology, School of Humanities and Management, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong Province, 523808, China.
This section is a part of the chapter: Pathogenic Factors of Tic Disorders in Children: Biological, Psychological and Social Factors
Some studies on the heritability of tic disorders in families (Pedersen et al., 2022) found that the probability of first-degree relatives of patients with tic disorders having the disease is 10 to 100 times higher than that of the general population. David et al. (2015) pointed out that the risk for tic disorders among relatives of probands with tic disorders increased proportionally to the degree of genetic relatedness. The risks for first-degree relatives (odds ratio [OR], 18.69; 95% CI, 14.53-24.05) were noticeably higher than those for second-degree relatives (OR, 4.58; 95% CI, 3.22-6.52) and third-degree relatives (OR, 3.07; 95% CI, 2.08-4.51). First-degree relatives (eg. parents, siblings, and offspring) had similar risks for tic disorders despite a similar degree of shared environment.
How to Cite
Nasrat, A. M., Nasrat, S. A., Nasrat, R. M., Nasrat, M. M., & Babiker, S. Y. (2025). Helicobacter pylori and Hyperuricemia: Revisiting Gout Diagnosis in Young Adults with Normal Renal Function. Medical Science: Trends and Innovations Vol. 4, 1–8. https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/msti/v4/3641